TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION - i
CHAPTER 1 ARRESTS - 1
- 1-1 INTRODUCTION - 1
- 1-2 ARREST - 2
- 1-3 LAWS OF ARREST - 2
- 1-4 ARREST...WHEN AND WHERE AUTHORIZED - 4
- 1-5 LIABILITY - 6
- 1-6 ARREST...WHEN AND HOW MADE - 8
- 1-7 ARREST...PROCEDURE AFTER ARREST - 9
- 1-8 ARRESTS OF CHILDREN UNDER AGE SIXTEEN - 10
- 1-9 TEMPORARY QUESTIONING - 12
- 1-10 SEARCHES - 13
- 1-11 FORMAL COMPLAINT - 16
- 1-12 SUMMARY - 17
- Permission to Search Form - 18
- Notes - 19
CHAPTER 2 EVIDENCE THAT SUPPORT ARRESTS AND CONVICTIONS - 21
- 2-1 INTRODUCTION - 21
- 2-2 STANDARDS OF PROOF - 21
- 2-3 OBSERVATIONS OF THE GUARD - 23
- 2-4 THE SENSE OF HEARING - 23
- 2-5 CONFESSIONS - 25
- 2-6 RULES OF INTERROGATION - 28
- 2-7 WITNESS STATEMENTS - 32
- 2-8 PHYSICAL EVIDENCE - 33
- 2-9 INFORMATION FROM OTHER SOURCES - 37
- 2-10 LIABILITY - 38
- 2-11 SUMMARY - 39
- Notes - 40
CHAPTER 3 DEFENSES - 41
- 3-1 INTRODUCTION - 41
- 3-2 FORCE - 42
- 3-3 REASONABLY BELIEVES AND PROBABLE CAUSE - 43
- 3-4 RELEVANT DEFINITIONS - 44
- 3-5 USE OF FORCE - 45
- 3-6 USE OF PHYSICAL FORCE - 45
- 3-7 USE OF DEADLY PHYSICAL FORCE - 46
- 3-8 DEFENSE OF JUSTIFICATION EXCERPTS - 49
- 3-9 MNEMONIC DEVICES - 52
- 3-10 SUMMARY - 53
- Notes - 54
CHAPTER 4 INTRODUCTION TO THE PENAL LAW - 55
- 4-1 INTRODUCTION - 55
- 4-2 CHANGING LAW - 56
- 4-3 INTRODUCTION TO THE PENAL LAW - 58
- 4-4 ARTICLE 10, DEFINITIONS - 59
- 4-5 TRAFFIC INFRACTIONS - 61
- 4-6 POSSESS - 62
- 4-7 PHYSICAL INJURY - 62
- 4-8 DEADLY WEAPONS - 63
- 4-9 DANGEROUS INSTRUMENT - 63
- 4-10 VEHICLE - 63
- 4-11 PUBLIC SERVANT - 64
- 4-12 ARTICLE 15, CULPABILITY - 64
- 4-13 SUMMARY - 68
- Notes - 69
CHAPTER 5 ASSAULT AND RELATED OFFENSES - 71
- 5-1 INTRODUCTION - 71
- 5-2 ASSAULT IN THE THIRD DEGREE - 72
- 5-3 ASSAULT IN THE SECOND DEGREE - 73
- 5-4 GANG ASSAULT IN THE SECOND DEGREE - 79
- 5-5 MENACING - 79
- 5-6 HAZING - 81
- 5-7 RECKLESS ENDANGERMENT - 82
- 5-8 STRANGULATION AND RELATED OFFENSES - 82
- 5-9 ATTEMPT TO COMMIT A CRIME - 84
- 5-10 SUMMARY - 84
CHAPTER 6 MURDER, MANSLAUGHTER, FORCIBLE RAPE AND CRIMINAL SEXUAL ACT - 85
- 6-1 INTRODUCTION - 85
- 6-2 ARTICLE 125 - HOMICIDE - 85
- 6-3 AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSES - 88
- 6-4 MANSLAUGHTER IN THE FIRST DEGREE - 89
- 6-5 FORCIBLE RAPE AND FORCIBLE CRIMINAL SEXUAL ACT* - 91
- 6-6 THE LIBERTA ISSUE - 95
- 6-7 SUMMARY - 96
CHAPTER 7 KIDNAPPING, UNLAWFUL IMPRISONMENT AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING - 99
- 7-1 INTRODUCTION - 99
- 7-2 STATUTORY DEFINITIONS - 99
- 7-3 UNLAWFUL IMPRISONMENT - 101
- 7-4 KIDNAPPING - 102
- 7-5 HUMAN TRAFFICKING - 104
- 7-6 PROSTITUTION - 105
- 7-7 SUMMARY - 112
CHAPTER 8 BURGLARY AND RELATED OFFENSES - 115
- 8-1 INTRODUCTION - 115
- 8-2 STATUTORY DEFINITIONS - 116
- 8-3 TRESPASS AND CRIMINAL TRESPASS - 119
- 8-4 BURGLARY - 122
- 8-5 BURGLAR’S TOOLS AND RADIO DEVICES - 123
- 8-6 SUMMARY - 124
CHAPTER 9 CRIMINAL MISCHIEF AND RELATED OFFENSES - 127
- 9-1 INTRODUCTION - 127
- 9-2 CRIMINAL MISCHIEF - 127
- 9-3 CEMETERY DESECRATION - 131
- 9-4 CONSUMER PRODUCTS - 133
- 9-5 GRAFFITI - 134
- 9-6 MAKING GRAFFITI - 134
- 9-7 USE OF PHYSICAL FORCE - 135
- 9-8 SUMMARY - 136
CHAPTER 10 ARSON - 137
- 10-1 INTRODUCTION - 137
- 10-2 STATUTORY DEFINITIONS - 137
- 10-3 ARSON - 138
- 10-4 JUSTIFICATION: USE OF FORCE - 142
- 10-5 SUMMARY - 143
CHAPTER 11 LARCENY - 145
- 11-1 INTRODUCTION - 145
- 11-2 DEFINITIONS - 145
- 11-3 DEFENSE - 148
- 11-4 VALUE OF STOLEN PROPERTY - 149
- 11-5 PETIT LARCENY AND CRIMINAL POSSESSION OF STOLEN PROPERTY - 150
- 11-6 GRAND LARCENY - 152
- 11-7 USE OF PHYSICAL FORCE - 154
- 11-8 SUMMARY - 155
CHAPTER 12 ROBBERY - 157
- 12-1 INTRODUCTION - 157
- 12-2 STATUTORY DEFINITIONS - 158
- 12-3 ROBBERY - 158
- 12-4 USE OF DEADLY PHYSICAL FORCE - 160
- 12-5 SUMMARY - 160
CHAPTER 13 CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES AND MARIJUANA - 163
- 13-1 INTRODUCTION - 163
- 13-2 OVERVIEW OF POPULAR DRUGS - 163
- 13-3 OVERVIEW OF ARTICLE 220 - 166
- 13-4 ARTICLE 220 DEFINITIONS - 166
- 13-5 ARTICLE 220 OFFENSES: POSSESSION OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES - 167
- 13-6 PRESUMPTIONS - 170
- 13-7 SALE OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES - 171
- 13-10 MEDICAL USE OF MARIJUANA - 178
- 13-11 SUMMARY - 181
CHAPTER 14 FIREARMS AND OTHER DANGEROUS WEAPONS - 183
- 14-1 INTRODUCTION - 183
- 14-2 STATUTORY DEFINITIONS - 183
- 14-3 CRIMINAL POSSESSION OF A WEAPON - 191
- 14-4 SUMMARY - 202
CHAPTER 15 MISCELLANEOUS LAWS - 203
- 15-1 INTRODUCTION - 203
- 15-2 ATTEMPT TO COMMIT A CRIME - 203
- 15-3 ANTI-SECURITY ITEM - 204
- 15-4 THEFT OF SERVICES - 205
- 15-5 CRIMINAL IMPERSONATION - 205
- 15-6 OBSTRUCTING GOVERNMENTAL ADMINISTRATION - 207
- 15-6A IDENTITY THEFT - 207
- 15-7 REFUSING TO AID A POLICE OFFICER - 210
- 15-7A PROSTITUTION (School Zone) - 211
- 15-8 HARASSMENT - 212
- 15-9 LOITERING - 214
- 15-10 FALSELY REPORTING AN INCIDENT - 216
- 15-11 PLACING A FALSE BOMB OR HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE - 219
- 15-12 TERRORISM - 222
- 15-13 WINDSHIELDS - 226
- 15-14 GENERAL BUSINESS LAW VIOLATIONS - 227
- 15-15 SUMMARY - 229
CHAPTER 16 HOW TO BRIEF CASES - 231
- 16-1 INFORMATION NEEDED TO CREATE A BRIEF - 232
- 16-2 LAW JOURNAL ENTRY - 235
- 16-3 BRIEF OF THE LIBERTA APPEAL - 255
INDEX - I-1